TY - JOUR AU - Scanlan, Matthew J. AU - Jäger, Dirk PY - 2001 DA - 2001/04/01 TI - Challenges to the development of antigen-specific breast cancer vaccines JO - Breast Cancer Research SP - 95 VL - 3 IS - 2 AB - Continued progress in the development of antigen-specific breast cancer vaccines depends on the identification of appropriate target antigens, the establishment of effective immunization strategies, and the ability to circumvent immune escape mechanisms. Methods such as T cell epitope cloning and serological expression cloning (SEREX) have led to the identification of a number target antigens expressed in breast cancer. Improved immunization strategies, such as using dendritic cells to present tumor-associated antigens to T lymphocytes, have been shown to induce antigen-specific T cell responses in vivo and, in some cases, objective clinical responses. An outcome of successful tumor immunity is the evolution of antigen-loss tumor variants. The development of a polyvalent breast cancer vaccine, directed against a panel of tumor-associated antigens, may counteract this form of immune escape. SN - 1465-542X UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/bcr278 DO - 10.1186/bcr278 ID - Scanlan2001 ER -