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Figure 1 | Breast Cancer Research

Figure 1

From: Role of miR-10b in breast cancer metastasis

Figure 1

miR-10b-mediated pathways in regulating tumor progression and metastasis. Multiple cancer gene products - including breast cancer metastasis suppressor-1 (BRMS1), latent membrane protein-1 (LMP1), CD44 and c-Src - regulate Twist expression. Among its multiple downstream targets/effectors, elevated expression of the transcription factor Twist in breast cancer cells induces the transcription of miR-10b. This miRNA suppresses synthesis of the HOXD10 protein, a negative regulator of breast cancer progression, permitting expression of pro-metastatic gene products, RhoC, urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), α3-integrin, and MT1-MMP. This in turn favors cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Expression of HOXD10 is also inhibited by a long noncoding, metastasis-promoting RNA named HOTAIR. In addition, miR-10b targets KLF4 in esophageal cancer cells, leading to increased migration and invasion. In neurofibromatosis type 1-associated tumor cells, miR-10b targets the neurofibromin tumor suppressor, leading to activated RAS signaling. Color code: green, oncogenic and/or pro-metastatic factors; red, tumor-suppressing and/or metastasis-suppressing factors.

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