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Antiperspirant
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Mediates formation of a physical plug at the top of the sweat duct to prevent sweat escaping onto the skin surface
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Mainly aluminium salts, often as aluminium chlorhydrate
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Aluminium is a metalloestrogen
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Deodorant
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To mask, modify or prevent body odour. Since undesirable smell is generated through the action of bacteria on the sweat on the skin surface, antimicrobial agents act to kill bacteria
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Phenolic compounds, often chlorinated such as triclosan
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Triclosan
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Preservative
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To prevent growth of microorganisms during product storage
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Alkyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (parabens)
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Methylparaben, ethylparaben, n-propylparaben, n-butylparaben, isobutylparaben benzylparaben
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Fragrance/fragrance fixer
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To give a good scent to the consumer product
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Synthetic musks, including nitromusks and polycyclic musks. Benzyl salicylate, benzyl benzoate, butylphenymethylpropional (Lilial)
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Polycyclic musks HHCB, AHTN. Nitromusks musk xylene, musk ketone. Benzyl salicylate, benzyl benzoate, butylphenylmethylpropional
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Spreading/conditioning
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To ensure even distribution of components across the skin surface
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Linear (dimethicone) and cyclic (cyclomethicone) siloxanes
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Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane
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Plasticiser
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Solvent, moisturiser, fragrance carrier
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Phthalates
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Dibutylphthalate, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, diethylphthalate, butylbenzylphthalate
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Surfactant
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For cleansing purposes
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Alkyl phenols
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Nonylphenol
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UV filter
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Chemicals act to absorb UVA and UVB light. Also added to aid product stability
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Organic compounds, often benzophenone derivatives
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Benzophenone-3, benzophenone-2, octyl-methoxycinnamate, 3-(4-methylbenzylidene)-camphor, homosalate, octyl-dimethyl-p-aminobenzoic acid
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