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Table 2 Differences in expression of hypoxia-related proteins, microvasculature and proliferation between different grades of phyllodes tumors

From: Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha and its downstream targets in fibroepithelial tumors of the breast

Marker

Phyllodes tumor

P valuea

 

Benign (n = 18)

Borderline (n = 8)

Malignant (n = 11)

 

Stroma

    

   HIF-1α

5 (31%)

3 (38%)

11 (100%)

0.001

   CAIX

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

2 (18%)

0.090

   VEGF

5 (31%)

3 (38%)

9 (82%)

0.016

   Ki67

1 (6%)

5 (63%)

11 (100%)

<0.001

   Hot-spot microvessel count

9/16 (56%)

2 (25%)

11 (100%)

0.003

   Global microvessel count

8/16 (50%)

2 (25%)

11 (100%)

0.002

   p53

1/18(6%)

1/8(13%)

5/11(46%)

0.025

Epithelium

    

   HIF-1α

7/17 (42%)

2 (25%)

6/10 (60%)

0.323

   CAIX

5 (32%)

1/7 (14%)

3/10 (30%)

0.735

   VEGF

12 (67%)

5 (63%)

5/10 (50%)

0.684

   Ki67

1 (6%)

0 (0%)

1/10 (10%)

0.655

   p53

0(0%)

0(0%)

0(0%)

-

  1. Due to empty blocks, repeated unsuccessful staining attempts or too little epithelium in a malignant tumor, numbers varied slightly for some stainings. Dichotomized values were used. aUsing the chi-square test, P values below 0.05 were regarded as significant. HIF-1α = hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha, CAIX = carbonic anhydrase IX, VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor.